Intelligent machine systems improve logistics, fraud detection, art, research, and translations. Our world grows more efficient and richer as these systems improve.
Alphabet, Amazon, Facebook, IBM, and Microsoft, as well as Stephen Hawking and Elon Musk, feel now is the moment to discuss AI. Emerging technology is a new frontier for ethics and risk assessment. What worries AI experts?
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1. Unemployment. What Happens When AI Takes Away All The Jobs?
Automation dominates the labor hierarchy. As we've automated employment, we've made space for individuals to adopt increasingly complicated tasks, shifting from the physical labor that dominated the pre-industrial world to strategic and administrative work in our globalized society.
Trucking employs millions of Americans. What will happen if Elon Musk's self-driving trucks become widespread in a decade? Self-driving trucks look ethical when we consider the decreased accident risk. Office employees and much of the industrialized world's workforce might face the same fate.
Here we ask how we'll spend our time. Most individuals survive by selling their time. We can only hope this option allows individuals to find significance in non-work activities like caring for their families, interacting with their communities, and finding new ways to contribute to human civilization.
If we succeed, we may look back and think it was savage that humans had to sell much of their waking time to survive.
2. Disparity. How Should The Money Created By Machines Be Distributed?
Our economic system relies on hourly pay for economic contributions. Most organizations rely on hourly employment for goods and services. By utilizing AI, a corporation may reduce its reliance on humans, which means fewer people will earn money. AI-driven firms' owners will become rich.
Already, start-up founders take home a big amount of the economic surplus they produce. In 2014, the three largest firms in Detroit and Silicon Valley had nearly the same revenues but 10 times fewer people.
How can we organize a fair post-work economy if we're contemplating a post-work society?
3. Humanity. How Do Machines Impact Behavior And Interaction?
AI bots are improving at modeling human speech and relationships. Eugene Goostman won 2015's Turing Challenge. In this assignment, human raters spoke with an unknown entity and guessed whether it was a human or a computer. Eugene Goostman duped more than half of human raters.
This is the beginning of an era when we will engage with computers as though they are people, whether in customer service or sales. Artificial bots may devote practically infinite resources into forming connections, but humans are restricted.
We are already witnesses to how robots can stimulate the human brain's reward regions. Consider clickbait and video games. These headlines are commonly adjusted using A/B testing, a sort of algorithmic content optimization. This is used to make video and mobile games addicting. Tech reliance is the new frontier.
On the other hand, the software can already guide human attention and initiate actions. When applied correctly, this might encourage society toward better conduct. In the wrong hands, it's harmful.
4. Artificial Idiocy. How To Avoid Errors?
Human and machine intelligence derives from learning. Systems "learn" to recognize patterns and respond to input during a training period. Once a system is completely trained, we test it with new cases to evaluate how it does.
The training process can't cover all conceivable real-world instances. Humans can't trick these systems. Random dot patterns may make a computer "see" nonexistent objects. If we depend on AI to improve labor, security, and efficiency, we must verify the machine works as expected and that individuals can't misuse it.
5. Racist Robots. How Can Ai Bias Be Eliminated?
AI can digest information faster and more efficiently than humans, but it's not necessarily fair and unbiased. Google and Alphabet are leaders in AI, as evidenced in Google Photos, where AI identifies people, objects, and scenes. But it may go awry, like when a camera lacked racial sensitivity or a program intended to forecast future offenders was biased towards black individuals.
Humans, who may be prejudiced and judgmental, construct AI systems. AI may be a constructive force if deployed correctly or by individuals who want societal advancement.
6. Safety. How Do We Safeguard Ai?
More advanced technologies may be utilized for good and evil. This applies to robots that replace human troops, autonomous weaponry, and AI systems that might do harm if used maliciously. Cybersecurity will become increasingly vital since these battles won't be waged on the battlefield. System orders of magnitude quicker and more competent than ourselves.
7. Bad Genies. How Might Unforeseen Effects Be Avoided?
We're not simply worried about enemies. What if AI rebelled? This doesn't imply becoming "evil" like humans or Hollywood AI catastrophes. A sophisticated AI system can fulfill desires but with horrible unintended effects.
Machines are unlikely to be malicious; they may not grasp the entire meaning of a desire. Imagine a future when AI eradicates cancer. After much processing, it spits forth a formula that kills everyone on the earth to eradicate cancer. The computer would have effectively eliminated cancer, but not as humans planned.
8. Singularity. How Do We Regulate Complicated Ai?
Not sharp teeth or powerful muscles put humans at the top of the food chain. Ingenuity and intellect are largely responsible for human domination. We can control larger, faster, stronger creatures using cages, weapons, training, and conditioning.
Will AI have the same edge over us? We can't simply "pull the plug" since a sophisticated computer may foresee this and protect itself. This is the "singularity," when humans are no longer the smartest on Earth.
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9. Robot Rights. What Is Humane Ai?
Neuroscientists are still studying conscious experience, but we know more about reward and aversion. Simple animals have similar systems. Artificial intelligence systems have comparable reward and aversion processes. Reinforcement learning is like dog training: increased performance is rewarded.
These systems are now simple, but they're growing increasingly lifelike. When a system's reward mechanisms provide negative input, is it suffering? Genetic algorithms create multiple instances of a system at once, and only the most successful "survive" to build the next generation. This improves a system over generations. Delete failed instances. When are genetic algorithms mass murder?
Once we accept computers as seeing, feeling, and acting creatures, their legal position becomes obvious. Should humans be treated like intelligent animals? Were "feeling" machines considered?
Some ethical concerns involve reducing pain; others include taking risks. Despite these concerns, technological advancement implies a better life for everyone. We must responsibly use AI's promise.
Featured image: Robot hand photo created by rawpixel.com
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